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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltam | om βonč́ə̑ktaralt |
| 2SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltat | ot βonč́ə̑ktaralt |
| 3SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaralteš | ok/ogeš βonč́ə̑ktaralt |
| 1PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑na | ona/ogə̑na βonč́ə̑ktaralt |
| 2PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑da | oda/ogə̑da βonč́ə̑ktaralt |
| 3PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑t | ogə̑t βonč́ə̑ktaralt |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑m | šə̑m βonč́ə̑ktaralt |
| 2SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑č́ | šə̑č́ βonč́ə̑ktaralt |
| 3SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaralte | ə̑š βonč́ə̑ktaralt |
| 1PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltna | ə̑šna βonč́ə̑ktaralt |
| 2PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltda | ə̑šda βonč́ə̑ktaralt |
| 3PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑č́ | ə̑št βonč́ə̑ktaralt |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑nam | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑nat | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑n | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑nna | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑nda | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑nə̑t | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltam ə̑l'e | om βonč́ə̑ktaralt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltat ə̑l'e | ot βonč́ə̑ktaralt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaralteš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš βonč́ə̑ktaralt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na βonč́ə̑ktaralt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da βonč́ə̑ktaralt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t βonč́ə̑ktaralt ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltam ulmaš | om βonč́ə̑ktaralt ulmaš |
| 2SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltat ulmaš | ot βonč́ə̑ktaralt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaralteš ulmaš | ok/ogeš βonč́ə̑ktaralt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na βonč́ə̑ktaralt ulmaš |
| 2PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da βonč́ə̑ktaralt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t βonč́ə̑ktaralt ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑nam ə̑l'e | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑nat ə̑l'e | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑n ə̑l'e | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑nna ə̑l'e | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑nda ə̑l'e | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑nam ulmaš | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑nat ulmaš | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑n ulmaš | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑nna ulmaš | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑nda ulmaš | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑nə̑t ulmaš | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaralt | it βonč́ə̑ktaralt |
| 3SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltše | ə̑nže βonč́ə̑ktaralt |
| 1PL: | (βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na βonč́ə̑ktaralt) |
| 2PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltsa | ida βonč́ə̑ktaralt |
| 3PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑št | ə̑nə̑št βonč́ə̑ktaralt |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltnem | ə̑nem βonč́ə̑ktaralt |
| 2SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltnet | ə̑net βonč́ə̑ktaralt |
| 3SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltneže | ə̑než βonč́ə̑ktaralt |
| 1PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltnena | ə̑nena βonč́ə̑ktaralt |
| 2PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltneda | ə̑neda βonč́ə̑ktaralt |
| 3PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltnešt | ə̑nešt βonč́ə̑ktaralt |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem βonč́ə̑ktaralt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net βonč́ə̑ktaralt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než βonč́ə̑ktaralt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena βonč́ə̑ktaralt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda βonč́ə̑ktaralt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt βonč́ə̑ktaralt ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltnet ulmaš | ə̑net βonč́ə̑ktaralt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltneže ulmaš | ə̑než βonč́ə̑ktaralt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltneda ulmaš | ə̑neda βonč́ə̑ktaralt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt βonč́ə̑ktaralt ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltman |
| Active participle: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltše |
| Passive participle: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltšaš |
| Negative participle: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltde |
| Gerund of prior action: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | βonč́ə̑ktaraltdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||